Therapeutic effects of 5-ALA-induced photodynamic therapy in vulvar lichen sclerosus

Summary 

Background:

Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a rarely diagnosed, chronic inflammatory skin and mucosal condition. Its therapy is difficult and frequently not satisfactory. The data on photodynamic therapy (PDT) of vulva are promising but scanty. The aim of our study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of photodynamic therapy in genital LS in women.

Methods:

Twenty-four patients with clinical and histopathological diagnosis of lichen sclerosus accompanied with chronic vulvar itching, lasting between 3 months and 11 years, with human papillomavirus (HPV), bacterial and mycotic infections excluded, received three to six PDT cycles (180J, 700mW/cm²) in 14 days long intervals. Simultaneously they received no topical corticosteroids. Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) was conducted prior to therapy and 4 weeks after its completion.

Results:

In 17 patients, the itching ceased completely, in 6 women it decreased, in 1 patient the itching continued, none of the patients presented exacerbation of itching. PDD after completion of therapy revealed in 10 patients normal, green fluorescence of vulva and in 14 women pathological, red fluorescence, usually fainter than before PDT.

Conclusion:

PDT is an effective therapeutic modality for chronic itching in lichen sclerosus.

Keywords: Vulvar lichen sclerosus, Photodynamic diagnosis, Photodynamic therapy